2019 Vol. 2, Issue 1


NEW OPPORTUNITIES FOR LITIGATION IN BRAZIL: AN INTERNATIONAL APPROACH TO THE PROVISIONS OF THE BRAZILIAN NEW CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE

José Augusto Fontoura Costa & Daniel Tavela Luís
The Brazilian New Code of Civil Procedure introduced some useful innovations in the section of international jurisdiction. The focus of this article will be on the provision of article 22, III, which gives to the Brazilian judicial authority jurisdiction to hear cases “in which the parties involved, expressly or tacitly, submit themselves to national jurisdiction”. This provision innovates the Brazilian legal order by recognizing the principle of autonomy of the parties as attributive of jurisdiction to Brazilian judges. The main argument we sustain in this article is that the new Code of Civil Procedure allows Brazil to project itself as a leading jurisdiction for lusophone countries in the future. We further argue that the modernization in the Brazilian New Code of Civil Procedure in an effort towards internalization certainly could help Brazil to develop even further as a support jurisdiction for international arbitration.

DOUBLE INFLUENCE AND DUAL PROJECTION BETWEEN GLOBAL AND LOCAL: THE "MARIANA CASE" AND THE SOCIAL (IR)RESPONSIBILITY OF MINING COMPANIES

Jânia Maria Lopes Saldanha & Clara Rossatto Bohrz
The article aims to analyze the double influence of the global on the local in face of the close and ambiguous relations between economy and the law, as well as to demonstrate the double projection of the place of the global, either from the perspective of the (ir)responsibility of the transnational companies involved in the Mariana case, or from the mapping of human rights violations of Vale SA around the world. The dialectic method of approach and the bibliographic and documentary method of procedure were used, with emphasis on reports and documents from research groups and civil society organizations. Among the conclusions, it was verified that the political-economic interests contributed to the State's bad performance before and after the tragedy - from the elaboration of the New Mining Code to the agreement signed extrajudicially between the companies and the government for the indemnification and support of the victims. However, the Brazilian tragedy only reflects the height of Vale's social irresponsibility in relation to other focuses of resistance in the world, notably Chile, Mozambique and Canada. Finally, private mechanisms for the protection of human rights - such as codes of conduct - are fragile, the national mechanisms are insufficient, and the need for transnational corporations to be subject of international public law is urgent.

VIRTUAL UNDERCOVER AGENT

Jaqueline Ana Buffon
Cybercrime has created the need of adapting the legal system, since a progressive innovation in procedures concerning proper investigation tools and mechanisms is necessary to face the new means of committing criminal offenses and the new criminal behaviors that have appeared in the cybernetic environment. The Virtual Undercover Agent is one of those key investigation procedures to identify and investigate cybercrimes. The actions of the undercover police agent will be authorized and delimited by a court order. It is important to highlight the difference between cyberpatrols’ actions in open networks, and the actions of the undercover agent itself in restricted networks, since the latter needs to have a Court permission that will remove the guilt in illicit acts committed, within the limits defined.

HYBRID WAR IN BRAZIL: THE LULA CASE

Marina Gusmão de Mendonça
Since independence in 1822, Brazilian history has been a succession of coups or coup attempts. On all these occasions, what was at stake was the attempt, on the part of the ruling classes and middle-class sectors, of establishing legal-political control over the State and preventing access by the working class to greater participation in national income and to the benefits of economic development, as well as delivering the country's wealth to foreign capital. In this context, the hybrid warfare against the country is conducted in defense of the interests of major international companies, such as the main oil companies, anxious to appropriate the Brazilian oil wealth. And one of the main instruments of this hybrid warfare is the so-called lawfare, that is, the use of legislation and the judicial system to persecute and destroy political opponents. This tactic was evident against President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, sentenced to 12 years and 1 month in prison and imprisoned on April 7, 2018. The objective was obvious: to prevent him from running for the presidential elections of 2018 and destroy the PT and all the left.

CONSTITUTIONAL HEALING THEORY

Emerson Ademir Borges de Oliveira & Silvana Colombo de Almeida
Can the Constitution be healed? The aim of this article is the answer on how to deal with offenses committed in the face of the Constitution which are built on consolidated factual situations. Often the simple declaration of unconstitutionality, either from the beginning, the theory of nullity, or for the future, in annulability theory, or in conjunction both with the temporal modulation effects will not show positive responses to the constitutional offense. On the other hand, the recognition of unconstitutionality, although for the future, could lead to more harmful economic, political, social and legal effects than maintaining the offensive act. Sometimes the theory of constitutionalising supervening can respond appropriately, with the change of the constitutional paradigm. But what to do when the Constitution is even changed? The methodology for the development work is eminently literature and case law.

FOUNDATIONS AND EVOLUTION OF THE RIGHTS OF OLDER PERSONS IN BRAZIL: A BRIEF PANORAMA

Bibiana Graeff
This article presents a brief critical assessment of the evolution of the older persons’ rights in Brazil, addressing not only some of the legislative advances that have resulted in the implementation of specific public policies for this populational group, but also the uncertainties about the future of the rights won and the expansion of policies in a context of accelerated population aging in the country.

THE NECESSARY DISTINCTION IN TREATMENT OF PUBLIC AND PRIVATE CORRUPTION BASED ON THE ECONOMICAL IMPACT TO THE SOCIETY - AN INTERNATIONAL CONSTITUTIONAL PERSPECTIVE

Mário Baracho Thibau; Paulo Marajá Mares Guimarães & Arthur Magno e Silva Guerra
This paper presents prospects for the necessity of dual treatment of corruption between the private and the public sphere. The review of the academic research so far concludes that there is efficiency in fighting the corruption in the private sphere by applying the compliance doctrine, therefore the corruption in the public sphere is more dangerous for the economic development of a country. The review of the corruption phenomenon is done from a Brazilian perspective, by showing that only recently such issue is being solved within the country and the economic impacts it withstands. Brazil is a country ravaged by corruption probes, as they unraveled in the light of the global legal community something good come out of it. The legal system of Brazil, from the early 2008, has been rapidly evolving and searching for new ground-breaking anti-corruption laws that may be applied by its pairs in the emerging markets legal systems. The misuses of power in the public sphere in Brazil generate more widespread economic damages, being more offensive to the Rule of Law principle, then the private corruption sphere even though the equivalence of the concept of corruption in the dual perspectives. Therefore, there is relevance in the public/private divide in anti-corruption law.


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