This article maps the relations between Brazil and China in the fields of technology partnerships, semiconductors, and innovation (telecommunications and electronics) from 2014 to 2024. This period encompasses the most recent High-Level Sino-Brazilian Commission on Consultation and Cooperation (COSBAN) milestones. The study explores how China's strategic initiatives have positioned it as a global leader in semiconductors and ICTs and, conversely, Brazil, despite its rich resources like silicon and copper, have been struggling to emerge as a significant player due to a lack of industrial base. However, recent governmental efforts, such as New Industry Brazil (NIB) and the Brazil Semiconductor Program (Brasil Semicon), indicate a shift towards industrial revitalization, inspired by China's model. The COSBAN sessions reflect enhanced bilateral cooperation aimed at industrial development and technological innovation. This paper seeks to outline the trajectory of these partnerships and project future trends, emphasizing the strategic importance of continued collaboration between Brazil and China in navigating the evolving landscape of global technology and innovation. The findings underscore the potential for Brazil to leverage its relationship with China to bolster its technological capabilities and industrial growth.

The re-election of Donald Trump to the U.S. presidency presents significant challenges and opportunities for Brazil-China relations amid escalating geopolitical and economic tensions. Trump's aggressive trade policies, including high tariffs on Chinese imports and threats toward BRICS nations, symbolize a shift toward a geoeconomic order prioritizing competition over cooperation. These measures could disrupt global supply chains while creating strategic opportunities for Brazil, particularly in agriculture, where China may seek alternative suppliers. Brazilian agribusiness, already a leading exporter to China, stands to benefit from increased demand for commodities such as soybeans and sorghum. Simultaneously, Trump's monetary strategies emphasize maintaining U.S. dollar hegemony, challenging China’s efforts to promote the renminbi (RMB). However, bilateral initiatives, including the Brazil-China RMB financing agreement, demonstrate Brazil's pragmatic approach to diversifying financial instruments and reducing exchange costs. Institutional frameworks, such as COSBAN and the Brazil-China Strategic Plans, provide stability and resilience in bilateral relations, enabling Brazil to navigate U.S.-China rivalry while preserving economic autonomy. This study highlights the importance of Brazil’s balanced diplomacy, robust institutional relations with China, and diversification of partnerships to safeguard its economic interests. Brazil’s strategic pragmatism positions it as a relevant actor capable of mitigating external pressures in an increasingly multipolar global landscape.

The urgency to advance the energy transition and promote sustainable mineral use has become a global priority, highlighted during the 26th Conference of the Parties to the UNFCCC in 2021. This shift underscores the need to expand mining and recycling capacities for critical minerals essential to renewable energy technologies. Within this context, Brazil and China have reinforced economic cooperation, formalized through a 2023 Memorandum of Understanding aimed at promoting investment, industrial cooperation, and sustainable development in Brazil’s mining sector. This article examines the central question: How does Brazilian mining legislation support sustainability in the sector, and what are the primary opportunities and challenges for Chinese investments in Brazil within the energy transition landscape? Using an exploratory and descriptive methodology, this study draws on official documents, Brazilian legislation, and international reports to provide insights into the regulatory framework and its implications for Sino-Brazilian cooperation in sustainable mining and energy transition initiatives.

This article examines the viability and potential of river transport in Brazil, using China's successful river transport system as a model. It highlights river transport's role in diversifying Brazil's logistics, reducing costs, and minimizing environmental impact. The study explores the Yangtze River and the port of Nanjing as benchmarks, identifying challenges and opportunities for similar projects in Brazil's southern and northern regions. It addresses the need for investments in river infrastructure, government-private sector coordination, and policies to promote inland navigation. The analysis evaluates the impact of political and economic contexts in Brazil and China on river transport development and emphasizes international cooperation and public-private partnerships. Lessons from global best practices are adapted to the Brazilian context, proposing strategies for sustainable and efficient river transport while exploring financing innovations and assessing socioeconomic impacts on local communities.

Lula's foreign policy marked a shift towards "autonomy through diversification," expanding Brazil's global influence while maintaining traditional partnerships. This laid the groundwork for a strategic partnership, though challenges remained in diversifying exports and addressing trade barriers. Subsequent administrations had varying degrees of continuity, with some disruptions during Bolsonaro's tenure. As Lula returns to office in 2023, he faces a different global landscape requiring policy adaptations. His administration aims to strengthen the strategic partnership through: Resuming presidential diplomacy, negotiating new agreements across various sectors and pursuing economic initiatives like direct currency exchange.

The Chinese investments in Brazil have grown and diversified consistently in recent years. One significant trend is the growing Chinese investments in environmental projects, especially renewable energies and energy transition. In this article, the author advocates that such a trend is part of China's broader project to develop a global leadership role in the green transition to a decarbonized global economy. The article has three parts. In the first part, the author delineates, based on a historically shared view on development, a general explanation for Brazil and China's increasing convergence of the environmental agenda. In the second part, the author briefly explains the change in Chinese environmental policy from a defensive perspective to an offensive perspective, offering technologies and solutions in green energy, energetic efficiency and circular economy. The last part scrutinizes many Chinese direct investments in Brazil, highlighting the increasing importance of environment-related projects and establishing an indirect relationship with a possible intention of Chinese leadership in the global environmental order. The methodology will involve the analysis of the data of direct investments in Brazil and the literature and documents that scrutinize China's domestic and foreign policy for the environment.

This comparative study examines the impact of China's zero-Covid policy on foreign businesses, focusing on European and Brazilian enterprises, with a particular emphasis on the consumer goods sector. European firms are used as a benchmark to identify strategies for improving Brazil’s commercial presence in China. While European companies faced significant challenges such as regulatory complexities, declining investments, and supply chain disruptions, they demonstrated resilience through strategic adaptations and institutional support from the European Chamber of Commerce in China. In contrast, Brazilian firms struggled due to limited market presence, weak institutional backing, and a predominant focus on cost-saving over market expansion. The study highlights the rise of Chinese domestic brands during the pandemic, supported by government policies and consumer nationalism. By using the European experience as a reference, the analysis underscores the need for Brazilian firms and government bodies to adopt proactive measures to enhance competitiveness and seize opportunities in China's evolving market.